Tingkat Ketahanan Pangan Petani Padi di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau (Food Security Level of Rice Farmers in Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province))

Abstract

Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi pada tahun 2021 merupakan daerah dengan produksi padi terbesar
keempat di Provinsi Riau, dengan total produksi pada tahun 2021 mencapai 18.694,82 ton. Petani padi
sebagai aktor utama dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan memiliki peranan yang besar dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut. Kesejahteraan petani padi tercermin dalam ketahanan pangan yang dimiliki oleh rumah tangga petani. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani padi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan antara bulan Juli hingga November 2022 di lima dari lima belas kecamatan yang terdapat di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi yaitu Kecamatan Kuantan Hilir, Inuman, Pangean, Cerenti, dan Benai). Metode pengambilan data dilakukan secara purposive. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif, di mana tingkat ketahanan pangan keluarga petani padi diukur berdasarkan: aspek ketersediaan (TSP), aspek akses pangan (DBPP), dan kualitas keamanan pangan (PPP). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, aspek ketersediaan pangan petani padi dalam kondisi yang baik karena seluruh petani padi memiliki TSP besar dari 1, aspek akses pangan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani (DBPP) rendah sebesar 52 persen namun akses yang dimiliki petani dekat ke pasar/warung serta kondisi jalan yang sangat baik, ditinjau dari aspek kualitas keamanan pangan seluruh petani padi tergolong tahan pangan, karena memiliki pangsa pengeluaran pangan (PPP) di bawah 60 persen.

Kuantan Singingi Regency in 2021 was the fourth largest rice-producing area in Riau Province with
total production of 18,694.82 tonnes. Rice farmers as the main actors in achieving food security have a
significant role in reaching this goal. The welfare of rice farmers is reflected through the food security of their households. The research aimed to analyze the level of rice farmer household food security. This research was conducted in July-November 2022 in 5 out of the 15 sub-districts in Kuantan Singingi District (Kuantan Hilir, Inuman, Pangean, Cerenti, and Benai Districts). The data collection method was carried out purposively. Data analysis was carried out in a quantitative descriptive manner, where the level of food security for rice farming families was measured based on: aspects of availability (TSP), aspects of food access (DBPP), and quality of food security (PPP). Based on the results of the study, the aspect of food availability of rice farmers was in good condition because all rice farmers have TSP greater than 1, the aspect of food access for household food security (DBPP) was low at 52 percent but the farmers had close access to markets/stalls, as well as very good road conditions. In terms of the quality aspect of food safety, all rice farmers were classified as food secure, as they had a share of food expenditure (PPP) below 60 percent.